Fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines



Dec. 31, 1935. CHANDLER 2,025,723

FUEL FEEDING MEANS FOR INTERNAD COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 17, 1939 Patented Dec. 31, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE FUEL FEEDING IVIEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 15 Claims.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines, and is an improvement on the fuel feeding means as disclosed in my prior application filed July 5, 1928, Serial Number 290,- 492, and a companion application of my application Serial Number 402,420, filed October 25, 1929, the object being to provide novel means for increasing the supply of air in proportion to the increased supply of fuel by the use of a circulatory system in which a fluid is circulated by a pump synchronized with the engine and having a pressure responsive device for actuating the air valve controlling the supply of air to the engine.

Another object of my invention is to provide a fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines in which a circulatory system is employed having automatic means for obstructing the passage of fluid through said circulatory system whereby the pressure on the pressure responsive device can be controlled automatically with the control of the output of the pump employed for feeding-fuel directly to the cylinders of the engine.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter set forth and the novel features thereof defined in the appended claims.

In the drawing,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a four cylinder internal combustionengine showing the application of my improved construction'of fuel feeding means thereto; and

Figure 2 is a plan view, partly in section, of a circulatory system.

In carrying out my invention I employ a pump of a type disclosed in my application, Serial No. 290,492, which is operated by a movable part of the engine 2 and draws fuel through a pipe 3 from a main source of supply 4. Leading from the pump I are pipes 5 through which fuel is forced by the pump in proper sequence to the respective engine cylinders and the outlets of these pipes are preferably arranged in close proximity to the intake valves of. the cylinders as clearly shown in my application Serial No. 290,492.

The pump 1 is preferably constructed as disclosed in my above referred to application and is provided with means for varying the stroke of the respective pistons in order to furnish different amounts of fuel to the cylinders under various conditions for the working of the engine and is what is known in the art as a variable output type of pump, the same being controlled by a lever 6 having a link 1 connected thereto which is pivotally connected to a pedal 8' by means of which the operator may readily adjust the ouput of the main pump by adjusting the stroke of the piston.

The engine is provided with an air manifold 9 5 through which air is adapted to be drawn by the suction of. the piston so as to mix with the fuel delivered by the pump. The air inlet manifold 9 is provided with a throttle valve 10 carried "by an oscillating shaft H which carries a lever I2 fixed 10 on the shaft and provided with a series of openings l3 for the purpose hereinafter fully described.

In my application, Serial No. 402,420, I disclose means for increasing the supply of air in propor-'- tion to the increased supply of fuel by utilizing an auxiliary pump, the stroke of which is varied in proportion to the stroke of the fuel supplying pump whereby a pressure responsive device is made to actuate the throttle valve controlling the air inlet in the engine and this invention differs from my prior invention by employing a circulatory system having means for automatically controlling the pressure in said system by'an adjustable obstruction which is actuated by the foot pedal so that as the strokes of the pistons of the main pump are increased, the obstruction in the circulatory system is increased in order to build up a pressure to actuate the throttle valve controlling the admission of air to the engine.

In the embodiment of my invention as herein shown a circulatory system I4 is employed in the form of piping adapted to contain a fluid which is constantly circulated by the pump I5 driven by the engine through gearing l6 so as to be synchronized therewith and said circulatory system 14 is provided with pressure responsive devices I! and I8 which are in the form of bellows, the pressure responsive device I! being adapted to actuate a rocker arm l9 pivotally mounted on a standard 20 which is connected to the arm l2 by a link 2|, said link carrying pins 22 at its ends which are adapted to be inserted through the openings l3 of the lever l2 and openings l9 of the rocker arm I 9 so as to form an adjustable connection between the rocker arm 19 and the lever I 2. The throttle valve is normally held in closed position by a spring 23 having one end fixed and the other end connected to the lever l2 as clearly shown.

Arranged'in the circulatory system between the pressure responsive devices I! and I8 is a movable obstruction 24 in the form of a valve which is operated by one of the arms of a bell crank lever 25 mounted on a pivot 26 as clearly shown in Figure 2 whereby means is provided for obstructing the circulation of the fluid through the system. The other arm of the bell crank 25 has connected thereto a link 21 having its end adjustably connected to the link I so that as the pedal is operated to adjust the output of the pump, the obstruction in the circulatory system will be simultaneously operated so as to increase and decrease the pressure acting on the pressure responsive device I! whereby the admission of air will be automatically controlled so that the proper proportion of air and fuel will be delivered to the cylinders of the engine.

The pressure responsive device l8 acts as a compensating chamber so as to maintain the circulatory system full of fluid at all times so that the pump will maintain the fluid in the circulatory system under a predetermined pressure which is varied automatically as the output of the pump is varied by the obstruction so that the proper proportion of air and fuel will be delivered to the engine. This provides means for increasing the supply of air in proportion to the increased supply of fuel automatically whereby I am able to control to a nicety and maintain the proper proportion of fuel and air to conform to the requirements of variable load and variable speed of the engine and while I have shown this control used in connection with a rotary type of variable output pump as disclosed in my companion application, I do not wish to limit myself to the use of any particular construction of pump for delivering fuel to the engine, as I am aware that my system of controlling the supply of air can be used in connection with any variable output type of pump without departing from the spirit of my invention, which consists in providing a circulatory system for a fluid circulated by a pump synchronized with the engine and having a pressure responsive device for actuating the air control in connection with means connected to the variable pump for varying the pressure in the circulatory system.

In the operation of the fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines constructed in accordance with my invention, the pump with its variable stroke pistons delivers fuel to the engine and as the means controlling the stroke of the piston to vary theamount of fuel delivered is adjusted, the obstruction in the circulatory system is operated so as to increase or decrease the pressure of the fluid in the circulatory system acting on the diaphragm I! so as to cause the throttle valve controlled thereby to regulate the amount of air supplied to the engine in order to obtain the proper relationship between the air and fuel supplying means and as the fluid in said circulatory system is received in the expansible chamber H, the expansible chamber I8 contracts so that the circulatory system is maintained full of fluid at all times whereby I am able to control the supply of fuel and air to an internal combustion engine so that the proper proportion of air and fuel can be maintained.

While I have shown certain details of construction, I do not wish to limitmyself to these details, as various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of my invention as I am aware that it is immaterial what form of pressure responsive device and pressure producing device is used so long as the pressure producing device is synchronized with the engine and that the pressure responsive device acts to operate or control the air throttle.

What I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, means to supply fuel to said engine, a control device for said fuel supplying means, means to supply air to said engine, a throttle valve for controlling the flow of air, a fluid pressure producing device 'driven by the engine, a fluid pressure responsive 5 device to control said throttle in communication with said fluid pressure producing device, a fluid pressure relieving device to modify the effect of said fluid pressure producing device upon said pressure responsive device, and a connection between said fuel controlling device and said relieving device.

2. In fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines, an air manifold, a throttle valve therefor, means for feeding fuel to said engine, a control device for said lastmentioned means, actuating means for the throttle valve comprising a pressure chamber having amovable Wall, a pump driven by the engine for forcing fluid to said pressure chamber, a pressure relieving device 20 and a connection between said pressure relieving device and said control device for causingan increase of supply of air in proportion to the increased supply of fuel.

3. In means for feeding fuel to an internal 25 combustion engine, a fuel pump driven by the engine, a control device for said pump to vary the output, means for controlling the supply of air to said engine, a pressure responsive device for actuating said air controlled means, a pres- 30 sure producing device driven by the engine in communication with said pressure responsive device, a pressure relieving device and a connection between said pressure relieving device and said pump control device for varying the pressure on 35 said pressure responsive device as the control de-.

movable obstruction arranged in said circulatory system for varying the pressure on said device and working in unison with said means for supplying variable charges of fuel.

5. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, means for positively feeding fuel thereto, an air supply for said engine, means for controlling the fuel feeding means, a circulatory 55 system having means driven by the engine for circulating a fluid therein, a pressure responsive device actuated by the pressure of fluid in said circulatory system for varying the air supply to said engine, a movable obstruction in said clrcu- 60 latory system and means actuated by the fuel feed controlling means for actuating said movable obstruction to vary the pressure of the fluid acting on the pressure responsive device.

6. In an engine driven fuel supplying means 65 for internal combustion engines, a pump having a variable stroke piston for supplying fuel thereto, means for varying the stroke of said piston; an air inlet manifold for said engine having a throttle valve, a circulatory system having an engine 10 driven pump for circulating fluid therein, a pressure responsive device in communication with said circulatory system for operating the air throttle, a movable obstruction in said circulatory system for varying the pressure acting on said 16 ble air supplying means, means for obstructing the flow of fluid through the circulatory system working in unison with the fuel varying means to vary the pressure on said pressure responsive device and meter a proper proportion of fuel to air delivered to saidengine.

8. The combination with an internal combustion engine having means for variably supplying fuel thereto, a throttle valve controlling the admission of air to said engine, an engine operated circulatory system having a pressure responsive device controlling said throttle valve and an ad- Justable obstruction arranged in said circulatory system having a connection with the variable fuel supply for varying the pressure in the pressure responsive device.

9. A fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines, means for supplying measured charges of fuel to the respective cylinders of said engine, an air manifold having a throttle valve for controlling the admission of air to said engine, a circulatory system having means driven by the engine for circulating a fluid therethrough, a pressure responsive device in communication with said circulatory system for controlling the supply of air to acid engine, a movable obstruction arranged in said circulatory system and means for adjusting said obstruction in accordance with the adjustment of the means for supplying measured charges of fuel.

a 10. In a fuel feedingsystem for internal combustion engines, engine driven means for positively delivering measured charges of fuel to said engine, means for varying the measured charges delivered to said engine, an air inlet for said engine, a circulatory system having culating fluid therein driven by the engine, pressure responsive devices in communication with! said circulatory system, means actuated by one of said pressure responsive devices controlling the passage of air to said engine, a movable obstruc- (tion arranged in said circulatory system between said pressure responsive devices to vary the pressure in said pressure responsive devices and a connection between said obstruction and said measured charge varying means for controlling themixture ratio throughout the various ranges of speed and load.

11. In an internal combustion engine, an engine driven variable fuel feed means, variable air controlling means for said engine, a circulatory system having an engine driven pump for circulating fluid therein, a pressure responsive device in communication with said circulatory system for controlling the air controlling means, a movable obstruction in said circulatory system for means for Cir-:

varying the pressure in said pressure responsive device to regulate said air controlling means and aconnection between said movableobstruction and the variable fuel feeding means of the engine whereby the pressure in the circulatory system will be'controlled in accordance with the position of the variable fuel feeding means.

12. A fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injecting pump for delivering fuel to said engine, means for varying the stroke of said pump, manual motive operated means for actuating said stroke varying means, means for controlling the admission of air to said engine, a pressure responsive device for controlling saidair admission means, a circu-= latory system in communication with said pressure responsive device and an obstruction in said circulatory system connected to said manual motive means for maintaining the proper proportion of fuel to air. 20

13. In aquel feeding means for internal combustion engines, the combination with a pump having a variable fuel supplying means for varying the stroke of the piston thereof, of an air supplying manifold having means for controlling the passage of air therethrough, a circulatory system having means operated by the engine for circulating a fluid therethrough, pressure responsive devicesin communication with said circulatory system, means actuated by one of said pressure responsive devices for controlling the supply of air to said engine and means working in. unison with the stroke varying means of the pump for obstructing the passage of fluid in said circulatory system to vary the pressure therein.

14. In an internal combustion engine, variable means to supply fuel to said engine, means to supply air to said engine, and means for controlling the supply of air to said enginecomprising a fluid pressure producing device driven by the engine, a fluid pressure responsive device in communication with said fluid pressure producing device, a fluid pressure relieving device to modify I the effect of said fluid pressure producing device upon said pressure responsive device, and means for operating said pressure relieving device by said variable fuel supplying means.

15. In a fuel feeding system for an internal combustion engine, anengine driven pump for positively delivering measured charges of fuel to -the engine, means for varying the measured charges delivered by said pump to the enginejan air inlet for the engine, a'clos'ed circulatory system haying vtwo pressure responsive devices in communication therewith, an engine driven pump for circulating fluid in said system, a movable obstruction in said circulatory system between said pressure responsive devices to vary the pressure therein, by movement of the obstruce tion, means actuated by the pressure device in- 50 termediate the pump and the obstruction, considered in the direction of flow of the fluid in the system, controlling the supply of air to the en-' sine. and a connection'between said obstructionand said charge varying means for controlling the ratio of air to fuel throughout the various ranges of speed and load.

MILFORD G. CHANDLER. 

